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Medications to Treat Anxiety

Therapy is the best way to treat anxiety, but sometimes a short-term course medication is required. The medications used to treat anxiety include tranquilizers and antidepressants.

SSRI antidepressants, such as citalopram (Celexa), Escitalopram (Lexapro) and sertraline (Zoloft) enhance communication between nerve cells within the brain and reduce anxiety. SNRIs that focus on the chemicals serotonin and norepinephrine can also be effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are often the first prescription medication recommended by doctors to treat anxiety disorders. They prevent neurons in the brain from absorbing serotonin, which is a chemical that plays a key role in regulating mood. It takes time for the medications to begin working however, people typically begin to feel better after about 4 to six weeks. SSRIs do not form an addiction and are not addictive, so they can be used for a lengthy duration.

Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. These SNRIs include citalopram and escitalopram, fluoxetine (Prozac) and paraxetine (Paxil), and sertraline. Tricyclic antidepressants such as imipramine (Tofranil) and Doxepine (Anxiety Disorder Stimulant) also treat depression and anxiety. Novel antidepressants such as mirtazapine (Remeron) are also used to treat anxiety disorders.

Doctors do not know how SNRIs or SSRIs work however they do are aware that they enhance the activity of chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters in the brain. They stop the brain from reabsorbing chemicals and permit these chemicals to bind with receptors.

SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. They may also be helpful for bulimia, though it is less prevalent.

People with anxiety who are not responding to SSRIs might be prescribed an atypical antipsychotic drug. Examples include quetiapine (Abilify) and aripiprazole, (Risperdal). These drugs decrease anxiety in those suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder. They are usually given in conjunction with an antidepressant. They have a lower risk of serious adverse reactions than other forms of antipsychotics.

Beta-blockers are also prescribed to treat anxiety, and heart problems. Examples are propranolol (Inderal) and atenolol (Tenormin). They can help reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety, particularly for those with social anxiety disorder. They can also assist in reducing anxiety prior to or after surgery and for certain chronic pain conditions. Benzodiazepines, like lorazepam or Ativan (Ativan) can be used when other medications aren't working. However, benzodiazepines create a habit and can be addictive.

SNRIs

SNRIs are a type of antidepressant medication which is commonly prescribed to combat anxiety. They function similarly as SSRIs however they also boost the amount of norepinephrine and serotonin. They are therefore more efficient in treating certain anxiety disorders like anxiety disorder, social anxiety and panic disorder. Like other medications, they are most effective when they are combined with talking therapy and other alternative treatment for anxiety and panic attacks strategies.

Contrary to benzodiazepines, SNRIs do not create dependence or addiction for the majority of people. However, some patients may experience withdrawal when discontinuing the medication after a long duration of use. It is crucial to talk with your physician prior to stopping any medication.

Serotonin and norepinephrine are neurotransmitters responsible for mood and stress responses. Particularly, they play a key role in the fight-or-flight response that a lot of people suffering from anxiety experience. By preventing the reuptake of, SNRIs block nerve cells from rapidly absorbing these neurotransmitters. By doing so, they keep these chemicals in the brain longer and as a consequence they are able to improve mood and reduce anxiety and assist in the relief of symptoms of panic attacks.

Norepinephrine also plays a part in anxiety as it triggers the Amygdala. This is a very deep and primitive part of the brain that is linked to fearful behavior. It has been demonstrated that SNRIs reduce activity in this area of the brain, which could positively affect mood and anxiety, as well as alleviate panic attacks.

While these medications can be extremely beneficial but it is important to remember that they do carry a risk of increased suicidal ideas in certain individuals. Because of this, they are usually prescribed in higher dosages and for a shorter time. They can also interact with other drugs and substances. If you are on any other prescription or non-prescription medication, make sure to discuss this with your doctor and keep them up-to-date on any underlying conditions you have particularly heart issues and bleeding diseases. Be aware that some patients report adverse reactions to SNRIs like dry mouth and nausea.

Benzodiazepines

Benzos, also known as benzodiazepines commonly referred to as -- are medications that act quickly that can help ease anxiety and anxiety-related symptoms like muscle tension and insomnia. Some people with anxiety disorders, such as panic disorder or social anxiety might find them beneficial, especially if they have not had success with other treatments like SSRIs and psychotherapy. They're also helpful as a short-term solution, such as while you wait for an antidepressant to start working. The medications diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan) are the most commonly used benzos, however other benzos include Clonazepam (Rivotril), temazepam (Restoril) and flurazepam (Dalmane).

They usually start working within 30 minutes because they are fast-acting. The meds don't last in the body very long, which is why they must be taken on a regular basis to get the full benefits. Using benzos for long periods of time can result in addiction and physical dependence therefore they should only be used for the shortest time possible. Benzos are not recommended for people with anxiety disorders or depression as they could increase the risk of these problems.

People who use benzos for an extended duration, often without medical supervision, may develop a condition known as sedative-use disorder. It can cause withdrawal symptoms and addiction. This condition is uncommon in people who use benzos on prescription. Misuse of benzos usually results from other causes such as alcoholism or depression.

Tolerence to benzodiazepines could develop when they are used for a long time. As you get used to them, it takes more and more of the medication to treat anxiety to achieve the same effect. This could lead to respiratory depression or even death. Even if you are taking benzodiazepines over a long duration, it is crucial to adhere to the prescription.

Other Medical Treatments

SSRIs and SNRIs will be the primary medication prescribed by doctors to treat anxiety. They affect serotonin which influences mood, sleep, appetite and appetite. They can take up to 12 weeks before they begin to work and can cause side effects such as nausea or insomnia. SSRIs are also used to treat mental health disorders like depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic disorder. Contrary to benzodiazepines, antidepressants do not cause physical dependence, but they can cause withdrawal symptoms if abruptly discontinued.

Sertraline (Zoloft), Prozac (Prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft), Prozac (Prozac) and Celexa (Citalopram) are all drugs in this class. They can be used as a stand-alone treatment for depression and anxiety or in combination with therapy. Antidepressants are prescribed by psychologists, psychiatrists or family doctors with specialized expertise in the field of medication management.

Doctors may also prescribe a class of antidepressants called monoamine oxidase inhibitors, or MAOIs. These medications block the action of enzymes that break chemical down, such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. MAOIs can take up to four weeks to start working however they aren't as fast-acting than SSRIs.

Another medication to manage anxiety is clonidine. This is used to control high blood pressure but has limited use in treating anxiety. Its effectiveness is limited due to side effects such as hypotension and sedation. Antihistamines, such as hydroxyzine, can be prescribed by doctors to decrease anxiety and panic attacks. Certain patients may also experience a decrease in the effectiveness of benzodiazepines.

Anxiety is typically treated by combining psychotherapy, medication and exercise. Working with a therapist that has a specialization in anxiety disorders is the most effective method to manage anxiety. They can assist you in identifying the underlying causes for your extreme anxiety treatment, and suggest strategies to manage it, without medication, if needed. Other options for anxiety treatment for anxiety symptoms that do not involve medication include eye movement desensitization mindfulness meditation, and trauma-informed Yoga. Talk with your therapist about which options are most suitable for you. Psychiatrists are trained to assess your medical history, symptoms, and develop a treatment plan for anxiety that is appropriate for you. They will consider your individual diagnosis, lifestyle, medical background and preferences when creating this plan and make adjustments as needed.